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Ionizing Radiation Data |
By Tracy Albert |
Saginaw, Michigan.
Saginaw, Michigan |
USA |
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thealbert@earthlink.net For Questions, Comments |
Friends Links Below
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HOME to albert-Cordova |
Online Geiger Counter Chris's cool site and you can buy one here to. | Southern Radiation Paul's site he has allot of old and new Civil defense and military Equipment | A Radiation Detector, You can Build for next to nothing | |
| Charlie'sRadiation Page, He is good with Scintillometers. | Eric's Site I think we are cut from the same Cloth | |||
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Curie- Intensity of Radioactivity. 37 Billion Disintegration Per Second |
1 Gram Of Radium = 1 Nuclide = 1 Curie of Radioactivity. | Emissivity | ||
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Becquerel -Marie Curie,s Boss. SI Units System International/Metric System. |
1 Emission = 1 BQ |
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RAD = Radiation Adsorbed Dose = 10 ERG,s Per Gram of Adsorbing Material |
X-rays =Gamma | |||
| 1 ERG = 10.00E-7 Joule | Plastic/Metal/Wood\ | Adsorption | ||
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REM = Roentgen Equivalent Man X-ray Equivalent to Ionizing Radiation |
Meat/Chickens/People Adsorption |
X-rays = Gamma | REMs = RBE X RADs Biological Dose |
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Roentgen = r = An Exposure to ionizing Radiation. It is the amount of Gamma or X-rays required to |
Produce ion,s, Carrying an electrostatic unit of electrical charge. (Positive or Negative.) In 1 Cubic | |||
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Ionic Units V-A-J |
Electrostatic Units |
KEV MEV |
Kilo electron volts Mega electron volts |
Energy Of a Particle.
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Activity., SI/Radiation/Curie |
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| units |
Danger Level |
Disintegration's /Second=DPS |
Descriptions |
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Curie |
1 Gram Of Radium = 1 Curie |
Very Dangerous |
37000000000 |
37 Billion DPS |
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Decacurie |
0.1 |
Very High Dose |
3700000000 |
Very High Dose |
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Centacurie |
0.01 |
High Dose |
370000000 |
High Dose |
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Millacurie |
1 Thousands |
Radiation Treatment |
37000000 |
Medical Dose |
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Microcurie |
1 Millionths |
Natural Sources |
37 |
37 Thousand |
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Picocurie |
1 Billionths |
Construction Matl. |
0.037 |
37 Hundred |
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Activity. SI/Radiation/ Becquerel |
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Terabecquerel |
3.7E+13 |
DEAD/Overexposed |
3.7E+12 |
Use Extreme Measures |
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Curie |
37,000,000,000 DPS |
Very Dangerous |
37000000000 |
37 Billion |
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Gigabecquerel |
1/S=1,000,000,000DPS |
Natural Sources |
3.70E+04 |
370 Thousand |
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Millacurie |
37000000 DPS |
Radiation Treatment |
37000000 |
Medical Dose |
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Megabecquerel |
1/S =1,000,000DPS |
Natural Sources |
3.70E-03 |
37 Thousand |
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Becquerel |
1/S =1DPS |
Natural Sources |
1 |
Boring. |
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Absorbed Dose/Joule Per Kilogram |
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Gray |
1 |
m2s2 |
Gy |
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RAD |
1/100 J/Kg Units |
RAD |
RAD |
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Milligray |
1/1000 Gray Units |
mGy |
mGy |
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Millijoule/Kilogram |
1Milligray Units |
mJ/Kg |
mJ/Kg |
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Erg/Gram |
1/10 1 Milligray Units |
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Dose Equivalent/Joule Per Kilogram |
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Sievert |
1 |
m2/s2 |
Sv |
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REM |
1 Sv = 100 REM |
REM |
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Millisievert |
1/1000 Sv Units |
mSv |
mSv |
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Exposure |
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Roentgen |
Ratio |
Conversion |
Symbol |
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Coulomb/Kilogram |
1/3.87597E-3 |
C/Kg |
A*s/Kg |
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Roentgen |
3.87597E3 C/Kg |
r=1 |
Unit |
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Milliroentgen |
0.001/r |
r/1000 |
Mr |
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Microroentgen |
0.000001 |
r/100000 |
Mr |
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Elementary Electric Charge mg |
1mC/Kg |
9.1X-19 C/gm |
1r/1.61031E9 |
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Coulomb/Kilogram |
Ratio |
Symbol |
Conversion |
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Coulomb/Kilogram |
1 |
C/Kg |
A*s/Kg |
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MiliCoulomb/Kg |
C/1000 |
mC/Kg |
1r*3.87597 |
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Roentgen |
1mC*3.87597 |
r=3.87597/.0001 |
3.87597/mC/Kg |
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MicroCoulomb/Kg |
mC/Kg/ 1000 |
mC/Kg |
1r/258 |
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Nanocoulomb/Kg |
mC/Kg/1000 |
nC/Kg |
1r/0.0258 |
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Picocoulmb/Kg |
pC/Kg/1000 |
pC/Kg |
1r/.0000258 |
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Elementary Electric Charge mg |
1mC/Kg |
9.1X-19 C/gm |
1r/1.61031E9 |
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Threat Table |
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Milliroentgen/Hour |
Physical Threat |
Time |
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2.5mr/Hr |
Current Standard |
8 Hr Day |
OSHA Rules |
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100mr/Hr |
Threshold |
8 Hr Day |
OSHA Rules |
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10,000 Mr/Hr |
Blood Changes |
Not Good |
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450000 Mr/Hr=450R/Hr |
Serious Injury/Death |
Bad |
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CDV-700 Geiger Counter Tables |
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Counts Per Minute |
Milliroentgen Per Hour Mr/Hr |
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Counter Setting |
C/M |
Counter Setting |
Mr/Hr |
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X1 |
0-300 C/M |
X1 |
0-0.5 Mr/Hr |
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X10 |
0-3000 C/M |
X10 |
0-5.0 Mr/Hr |
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X100 |
0-30000 C/M |
X100 |
0-50 Mr/Hr |
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600 C/M=1 Mr/Hr |
600 |
X |
1 |
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Operational Check Source is Pb 210 and Bi 210 both are beta emitters. |
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Radiation Types |
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Decay Product/Radiation |
Symbol |
Mass |
Velocity |
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Alpha |
a |
Helium Ions |
1.5E9 cm/sec |
Ionizing Radiation |
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Beta |
b |
Electron |
>186262 Mi/sec |
Ionizing Radiation |
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Gamma |
g |
No Mass |
186262 Mi/sec |
Ionizing Radiation |
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X-ray |
x |
No Mass |
186262 Mi/sec |
Ionizing Radiation |
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Microwaves |
m |
No Mass |
186262 Mi/sec |
Communication/Cooking |
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Radio Waves |
W |
No Mass |
186262 Mi/sec |
High Frequency Proton |
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Light Waves |
j |
No Mass |
186262 Mi/sec |
High Frequency Proton |
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Radioactive Decay |
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The Actinium Series |
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Element |
Atomic Weight |
Radiation Emitted |
Half Life |
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Uranium |
235 |
a |
7.13E+08 |
Years |
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Thorium |
231 |
b |
25.6 |
Hours |
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Protactinium |
231 |
a |
3.43E+04 |
Years |
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Actinium |
227 |
b |
98.80% |
a |
1.20% |
21.8 |
Years |
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Thorium |
227 |
a |
18.4 |
Days |
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Francium |
223 |
b |
21 |
Minutes |
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Radium |
233 |
a |
11.7 |
Days |
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Radon |
219 |
a |
3.92 |
Seconds |
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Polonium |
215 |
a |
1.83E-03 |
Seconds |
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Lead |
211 |
b |
36.1 |
Minutes |
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Astatine |
515 |
a |
1.00E-04 |
Seconds |
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Bismuth |
211 |
a |
99.70% |
b |
0.30% |
2.16 |
Minutes |
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Polonium |
211 |
a |
b |
5.00E-06 |
0.52 |
Seconds |
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Thallium |
207 |
b |
4.78 |
Seconds |
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Lead |
207 |
Stable |
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TheThorium Series |
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Element |
Atomic Weight |
Radiation Emitted |
Half Life |
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Thorium |
232 |
a |
1.39E+10 |
Years |
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Radium |
228 |
b |
6.7 |
Years |
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Actinium |
228 |
b |
6.13 |
Hours |
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Thorium |
228 |
a |
1.91 |
Years |
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Radium |
224 |
a |
3.64 |
Days |
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Radon |
220 |
a |
52 |
Seconds |
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Polonium |
216 |
a |
0.16 |
Seconds |
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Lead |
212 |
a |
10.6 |
Hours |
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Bismuth |
212 |
b |
66.30% |
a |
33.70% |
60.5 |
Minutes |
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Polonium |
212 |
a |
3.00E-07 |
Seconds |
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Thallium |
208 |
b |
3.1 |
Minutes |
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Lead |
208
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Stable |
- |
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The Neptunium Series |
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Element |
Atomic Weight |
Radiation Emitted |
Half Life |
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Plutonium |
241 |
b |
13.2 |
Years |
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Americium |
241 |
a |
426 |
Years |
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Neptunium |
237 |
a |
2.20E+06 |
Years |
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Protactinium |
233 |
b |
27.4 |
Days |
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Uranium |
233 |
a |
1.62E+05 |
Years |
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Thorium |
229 |
a |
7.34E+03 |
Years |
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Radium |
225 |
b |
14.8 |
Days |
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Actinium |
225 |
a |
10 |
Days |
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Francium |
221 |
a |
4.8 |
Minutes |
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Astatine |
217 |
a |
1.80E-02 |
Seconds |
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Bismuth |
213 |
b |
98% |
a |
2% |
47 |
Minutes |
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Polonium |
213 |
a |
4.20E-06 |
Seconds |
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Thallium |
209 |
b |
2.2 |
Minutes |
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Lead |
209 |
b |
3.32 |
Hours |
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Bismuth |
209 |
Stable |
- |
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The Uranium Series |
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Element |
Atomic Weight |
Radiation Emitted |
Half Life |
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Uranium |
238 |
a |
4.51E+09 |
Years |
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Thorium |
234 |
b |
24.1 |
Days |
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Protacium |
234 |
b |
1.18 |
Minutes |
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Uranium |
234 |
a |
2.48E+05 |
Years |
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Thorium |
230 |
a |
8.00E+04 |
Years |
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Radium |
226 |
a |
1.62E+03 |
Years |
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Radon |
222 |
a |
3.82 |
Days |
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Polonium |
218 |
a |
99.98% |
b |
0.02% |
3.05 |
Minutes |
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Lead |
214 |
b |
26.8 |
Minutes |
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Astatine |
218 |
a |
2 |
Seconds |
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Bismuth |
214 |
b |
99.96% |
a |
0.04% |
19.7 |
Minutes |
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Polonium |
214 |
a |
1.60E-04 |
Seconds |
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Thallium |
210 |
b |
1.32 |
Minutes |
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Lead |
210 |
b |
19.4 |
Years |
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Bismuth |
210 |
b |
100% |
a |
2.00E-06 |
5 |
Days |
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Polonium |
210 |
a |
138.4 |
Days |
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Thallium |
206 |
b |
4.2 |
Minutes |
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Lead |
206 |
Stable |
- |
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Principal Primary Fission Products |
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Isotope |
Symbol |
Half-life |
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Strontium |
89 Sr |
53 |
Days |
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Strontium |
90 Sr |
28 |
Years |
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Yttrium |
90Y |
62.4 |
Hours |
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Yttrium |
91Y |
57 |
Days |
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Zirconium |
95Zr |
65 |
Days |
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Niobium |
95Nb |
35 |
Days |
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Molybdenum |
99Mo |
68.3 |
Hours |
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Ruthenium |
103Ru |
39.8 |
Days |
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Ruthenium |
106Ru |
1 |
Years |
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Rhodium |
103mRh |
57 |
Minutes |
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Rhodium |
106Rh |
30 |
Seconds |
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Tellurium |
132Te |
77.7 |
Hours |
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Iodine |
131I |
8.1 |
Days |
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Iodine |
132I |
2.4 |
Hours |
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Xenon |
133Xe |
5.27 |
Days |
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Cesium |
137Cs |
30 |
Years |
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Barium |
137Ba |
2.6 |
Minutes |
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Barium |
140Ba |
12.8 |
Days |
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Lanthanum |
140La |
40 |
Hours |
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Cerium |
141Ce |
32.5 |
Days |
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Cerium |
144Ce |
290 |
Days |
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Praseodymium |
143Pr |
13.7 |
Days |
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Praseodymium |
144Pr |
17.5 |
Minutes |
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Neodymium |
147Nd |
11 |
Days |
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Promethium |
147Pm |
2.6 |
Years |
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Promethium |
149Pm |
54 |
Hours |
